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Infrastructure Mar 10, 2025 18 min read

Migrating 4M users with zero downtime: a postmortem

Nine months, 180 services, and exactly zero customer-visible incidents. The technical and operational playbook from the Aurora Networks migration.

Hiroshi Tanaka
Co-founder · CTO
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Infrastructure
18 min read
Issue · 2025

Aurora Networks runs a regional internet backbone serving four million daily users. Their primary data center was reaching end-of-life and their SLA didn't allow a single second of downtime — not even for thirty seconds. We had nine months. The simplest plan didn't work, the second plan didn't work, and the plan that did work was almost embarrassingly conservative.

Inventory before architecture

We spent six weeks cataloguing every workload, dependency, SLA, and dataset. The point wasn't a diagram. The point was a confidence score — for each service, how sure were we about its real upstream and downstream connections? Anything below 80% confidence got an engineer to find out. By the end we had a map nobody had ever seen before, including Aurora's own SRE team.

A useful surprise: 30% of the services we found were dead. Migrating them would have cost months. Deleting them cost a Slack thread.

Blue-green by region, slow by design

We stood up a parallel AWS environment with Terraform, then moved traffic five percent at a time using DNS and BGP. Each shift had a four-hour soak period. Each soak had a one-click rollback wired and tested. Most days we shifted nothing — we waited.

The legacy stack stayed warm for twelve weeks past final cutover. The cost was real. The peace of mind it bought our oncall team made every dollar worth it.

Numbers

Nine months. 180 services. Zero customer-visible incidents. The annualized cost savings paid back our engagement before the year was out. The team Aurora now runs against the platform is two engineers smaller and on-call rotations are half what they were.


Written by
Hiroshi Tanaka
Co-founder · CTO · Igknight Tech
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